2018年河北中考英语答案及解析

石家庄新东方学校   优能一对一  初中英语教研组

V. 单项选择（共10小题，每小题1分，计10分）

26. Please come in, Alice. Welcome to _______ house.

A. her B. his C. my   D. your

27. Did you hear the _______? A scientist will visit our school.

A. advice B. news C. praise   D. choice

28. This dog looks _______. It’s wearing red shoes.

A. clever B. brave C. funny D. careful

29. Bob, dinner is ready. Please wash your hands ______you eat.

A. until B. after C. while D. before

30. Gary is the best singer in my class. No one else _____so well.

A. sings B. sang C. will sing D. is singing

31. --- The bread is really delicious.   ---Thank you. I ________it myself.

A. make B. made C. will make D. am making

32. Can you help me _______ the pen? It’s under your chair.

A. ask for B. look for C. pick up D. put up

33. I _______an invitation to the concert. I can’t wait to go.

A. receive B. will receive C. was receiving D. have received

34. Look at the picture. The top five TV plays ________in it.

A. list B. are listed C. will list D. will be listed

35. ---Hi, Ken. Did Mrs. Zhang tell us ________?

   ---Yes, She said we should meet there at nine.

A. which was the way to the station    B. why we should meet at the station

C. when we should get to the station    D. who we should meet at the station

26. C【解析】考查代词词义辨析。结合语境应翻译为：爱丽丝请进，欢迎来到我的房子。故选C。

27. B 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。advice意为“建议”；news意为“消息、新闻”；praise意为“赞美、赞扬”choice意为“选择”根据句意故选B。

“聪明的” brave意为“勇敢的” funny意为“有趣的” careful意为“认真的”故选C。

28. C 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意为：这条狗看起来很有趣，它正穿着双红鞋。clever意为

29. D 【解析】考查连词词义辨析。根据句意请在吃饭之前洗手，故选D。

30. A 【解析】考查动词的时态。由Gary is the best singer in my class.得知该句为一般现在时故选A。

31. B 【解析】考查动词的时态。由句意“面包美味可口”得知是过去自己做的。故选B。

32. C 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。由句意得知你能帮助我捡起这个钢笔吗？它在你椅子下面。pick up “捡起” 符合语境故选C。

33. D 【解析】考查动词时态。由句意得知我已经收到去音乐会的邀请函。故选D 现在完成时态。

34. B 【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。由语境得知“The top five TV plays”与list之间存在被动关系；由“Look at the picture”得知是一般现在时，因此为一般现在时的被动语态，故选B。

35. C 【解析】考查宾语从句。由答语“we should meet there at nine.”可知，问句询问时间，故选C。

【参考答案】：26-30 CBCDA  31-35 BCDBC

VI.完形填空（共10小题，每小题1分，计10分）

   阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各小题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。

Once there was a king and his daughter. The king asked his daughter how much she loved him. She said that she loved him as much as she loved   36   .Her answer made the king very happy, Salt is a simple thing,   37   it is very important. So the king thought his daughter cared a lot about him.

Salt has many    38   . Our bodies need salt. If we don’t have enough, our bodies can’t work properly. We put salt on icy roads to make them    39   . We also use salt to produce other products, like paper and glass. But for many years, salt’s most important job was to    40   food. Like other living things, most bacteria(细菌)need water to live. Salt takes in plenty of water, so most bacteria cannot live    41   a salty environment. As a result, salt protects food and many other things. For much of human history, this ability has made salt   42   . Every ancient culture from Egypt to China depended on salt. Even today, the hard-working, useful people are   43    as “the salt of the earth”.

For centuries, salt was also hard to    44   . Its usefulness, together with rarity (稀有)made it very expensive. Salt could even be used like    45   . In fact, the word salary(薪水)comes from the word salt.

Today, salt is used more widely and it still plays an important role in our life.

36. A. salt B. air C. gold D. sugar

37. A. or B. so C. and D. but

38. A. forms B. secrets C. uses D. skills

39. A. wide B. safe C. smooth D. thick

40. A. protect B. provide C. produce D. prepare

41. A. in B. outside C. for      D. without

42. A. hopeful B. comfortable C. valuable D. successful

43. A. saved B. dreamed C. invited D. described

44. A. sell B. get      C. take    D. keep

45. A. money B. medicine C. earth D. food

【参考答案】：36-40 ADCBA   41-45 ACDBA

【语篇解读】：本文从一个小故事入手，讲了盐的用途，不仅在日常生活上，而且也讲了它的药用价值。同时因为它的稀有性使得盐在古今中外都起着很重要的作用并且很受重视。

【逐题解析】：

36.【解析】考查名词辨析，从下面一句话能看出来应该是“像爱盐一样爱他的爸爸”故选A。

37.【解析】考查连词，从“simple”和“important”可以看出来是相反关系，所以选D

38.【解析】考查名词辨析。根据下文“We also use salt to produce other products”可知：在讲它有很多用途。故选C。

39.【解析】考查形容词辨析。根据句意“把盐放在结冰的路上”可推知：是为了使路面不那么光滑而保持安全。故选B。

40.【解析】考查动词辨析。根据下文“As a result, salt protects food and many other things.”可知：选A。

41.【解析】考查介词辨析。根据句意，可知：在有盐的环境里，大部分细菌不能存活。故选A。

42.【解析】考查形容词辨析。根据下文“Its usefulness, together with rarity (稀有)made it very expensive.”可知：使得盐是有价值的。故选C。

43.【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：即使在今天，努力的，有价值的人们被认为是“地球之盐”。故选D。

44.【解析】考查名词辨析。根据下文：“Its usefulness, together with rarity (稀有)made it very expensive.”说明很稀有,很难得到，故选B。

45.【解析】考查名词辨析。根据下文：“In fact, the word salary(薪水)comes from the word salt.”被当成薪水，也就是钱的意思。故选A。

VII.阅读理解（共15小题，每小题2分，共30分）

阅读A、B、C、D四篇材料，然后从各小题所给的四个选项中选出最佳答案

A

46. Why did Susan Rosen write the letter?

A. To say sorry to her sister B. To show the picture to Smith

B. To tell her problems to a friend D. To talk about what she bought

47. What did Victor Smith do for Susan Rosen?

A. He helped her cancel the order B. He sent her a new skirt

B. He asked her to visit the office D. He called her for another color

【参考答案】：46-47 DB

【语篇解读】：本篇文章是封信件，主要阐述Susan Rosen对订购的裙子不满的地方以及Victor Smith先生给予相对应解决方法和回复。

【逐题解析】：

46. D 【解析】细节理解题。由文中 “I ordered a skirt from you last month, but there are some problems with it. ” 可知，Susan Rosen写信主要是为了向Victor Smith说明她所买的东西以及问题。本题难度较小。

47. B 【解析】细节理解题。由文中 “We are sending you another skirt with this letter.” 可知，Victor Smith寄送给Susan Rosen 另外一件裙子。本题难度较小。

B

Edward rose early on the New-year morning. He looked in every room and wished a Happy New Year to his family. Then he ran into the street to repeat that to those he might meet.

When he came back, his father gave him two bright, new silver dollars.

His face lighted up as he took them. He had wished for a long time to buy some pretty books that he had seen at the bookstore.

He left the house with a light heart, expecting to buy the books. As he ran down the street, he saw a poor family.

“I wish you a Happy New Year.” said Edward, as he was passing on. The man shook his head.

“You are not from this country.” said Edward. The man again shook his head, for he could not understand or speak his language. But he pointed to his mouth and to the children shaking with cold, as if (好像) to say, “These little ones have had nothing to eat for a long time.”

Edward quickly understood that these poor people were in trouble. He took out his dollars and gave one to the man, and the other to his wife.

They were excited and said something in their language, which doubtless meant, “We thank you so much that we will remember you all the time.”

When Edward came home, his father asked what books he had bought. He hung his head a moment, but quickly looked up.

“I have bought no books”, said he. “I gave my money to some poor people, who seemed to be very hungry then.” He went on, “I think I can wait for my books till next New Year.”

“My dear boy,” said his father, “here are some books for you, more as a prize for your goodness of heart than as a New-year gift”

“I saw you give the money cheerfully to the poor German family. It was nice for a little boy to do so. Be always ready to help others and every year of your life will be to you a Happy New Year.”

48. Edward expected to _________ with the money he got from his father.

A. help the poor family          B. buy something to eat

C. buy some pretty books D. learn another language

49. Why did the poor man shake his head when Edward spoke to him?

A. He couldn’t understand the boy B. He wouldn’t accept the money

C. He didn’t like the boy’s language D. He was too cold to say anything

50. How much did Edward give the poor family?

A. One dollar B. Two dollars C. Three dollars D. Four dollars

51. We know that Edward_________ from the passage?

A. got a prize for his kind heart B. had to buy his books next year

C. bought the books at the bookstore D. got more money from his father

【参考答案】：48-51 CABA

【语篇解读】：本篇是一个记叙文。主要记叙了一个叫Edward的小男孩，用父母给自己的两美元去帮助更需要的穷人。最后小男孩不仅从爸爸那得到了喜欢的书作为新年礼物并且还得到了比新年礼物更重要的奖励——这就是善良和他人的感谢的故事。

【逐题解析】：

48. C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段第二句 “He had wished for a long time to buy some pretty               49. A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第六段第二句 “The man again shook his head, for he could not             understand or speak his language.” 可知。本题难度较小。

50. B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第七段第二句 “He took out his dollars, and gave one to the man , and the other to his wife”和 第二段“When he came back, his father gave him two bright, new silver dollars”可知。本题难度较小。

51. A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第十一段可知。难度较小。

C

52. You can join the class if you like to        .

   A. offer some recipes    B. teach how to cook

   C. make desserts yourself    D. get some surprises

53. You will       in the class.

   A. eat the meal with teacher B. celebrate the special days

   C. learn 2-3 recipes each lesson D. have a hands-on experience

54. You will pay      for five lessons.

  A.$30 B. $60 C. $120 D. $150

55. How can you attend the class?

  A. Make a phone call to them. B. Send them an e-mail.

  C. Get information from parents. D. Come to the class directly.

【参考答案】：52-55 CDDB

【语篇解读】：本文是一篇广告。主要是介绍DIY Your Own Desserts课程的主要内容以及课程的费用和报名的方式。

【逐题解析】：

52. C 【解析】细节理解题。由第二段中 “Come to our class and make your own desserts.” 可知，如果你想亲自做些甜品，可以加入这个课程。本题难度较小。

53. D 【解析】 细节理解题。由第三段中 “The class runs daily and it is a completely hands-on personal cooking experience lasting up to 4 hours learning 3-4 recipes each lesson.” 可知，在这个课堂上，你可以有亲身实践的烹饪经历。本题难度适中。

54. D 【解析】细节推断题。由文中 “$30 each lesson” 可知，五节课需要$150。本题难度较小。

55. B 【解析】细节理解题。由文中 “You can either e-mail us or come to our office for attending it” 可知，可以通过发送邮件或直接去办公室报名参加。本题难度较小。

D

“Volunteering makes you look at the world differently. You see how little things can change a person’s life for the better, which makes everyone a better person.” Mason, a volunteer said.

National Volunteer Week started in 1974 and is held every April. It is a time to thank volunteers for their achievements. It is also a perfect opportunity (机会) to encourage others to take their first step toward becoming a volunteer. Making the decision to take the first step can be the biggest problem, because they often wonder if they will be able to meet the organization’s expectations (期望). Some people fear not knowing anyone else in the group. Not having enough time also prevents some from sharing their abilities.

The following tips can help if you have some of these worries.

★ Start out slowly, don’t add too much pressure. Even a few hours a month can make a big difference in someone’s life.

★ Choose an organization with the same interests and common values.

★ Take part in a training meeting for new volunteers, even if it is not asked.

★ Work with a veteran volunteer. He volunteered a lot, he can help you increase the confidence and completely understand the organization’s expectations.

★ Invite a friend or family member to serve. It is a good experience to volunteer with them.

★ Finally, it is most important to enjoy the volunteer experience and to remember that not all volunteer experiences are perfect. If one experience doesn’t work, don’t give up and you’ll surely find the right opportunity.

Spend some time on volunteer work and you will see great changes in people’s lives. As Mason discovered during his volunteer experience, “…little things can change a person’s life.”

56. Volunteering can help               .

A. make a decision B. see the world clearly

C. thank other people D. make person’s life better

57. What could be the reason to stop people taking the first step?

A. They don’t have enough time. B. They are prevented by their families.

C. They fear that their abilities are shared. D. They don’t expect to become volunteers.

58. Which of the following can help people take the first step?

A. Start out quickly. B. Organize a training meeting.

C. Invite a friend to be with them. D. Join in a group with different values.

59. The underlined word “veteran” in the passage means “               ”.

A. polite B. humorous C. young D. experienced

60. What is the main idea of the passage?

A. To tell people to make changes in their lives.

B. To encourage people to start their volunteering.

C. How to make great achievements in volunteering.

D. How to keep on volunteering whatever happened.

【参考答案】：56-60 DACDB

【语篇解读】：本篇文章是一篇议论文。通过阐述参加志愿者活动的益处以及如何帮助人们消除对参加志愿者活动的顾虑从而鼓励人们参加志愿者活动。

【逐题解析】：

56. D 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段第二句 “You see how little things can change a person’s life                    for the better ”可知。本题难度适中。学生在选题时容易受到第一句的影响误选B.但如果仔细看后面的句子不难选出正确答案。做题时务必控制答题速度。

57. A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句 “Not having enough time also prevents some from sharing their abilities”可知。本题难度较小。

58. C  【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段后面★标注的几条建议，我们可以逐一排除错误选项。根据第五条建议中提到的 “Invite a friend or family member to serve” 可知。本题难度较小。

59. D 【解析】词义推断题。根据下划线单词 “Veteran”后面的句子 “He volunteered a lot”说明他参加了很多活动，也就是经验丰富的意思。本题难度较小。

60. B  【解析】主旨大意题。通过最后一段第一句和最后一句“Spend some time on volunteer work and you will see great changes in people’s lives” “...little things can change a person’s life”说明参加志愿者活动的好处。可以推测出作者是要鼓励人们参加志愿者活动。

IX.任务型阅读（共5小题，每小题2分，计10分）

阅读短文，并按要求完成66-70题。

Artificial intelligence (AI) (人工智能) is growing rapidly. We are living in a world that depends more and more on AI. AI is a group of technologies that help machines get, understand and use information to do tasks.

AI’s recent developments have got a lot of social attention. Some people have welcomed AI because it makes things possible. For example, AI will have a big influence on areas like medicine and engineering. But this attention has also produced a lot of fear. Especially, many workers are worrying that AI could make them lose their jobs.

According to a recent study, nearly five percent of jobs will disappear because of AI. In some industries, AI is already doing the work that people used to do, such as assembling (装配) cars, digging the coal and lifting goods. Self-driving cars and trucks controlled by AI will also take away the driver’s jobs in the future.

On the other hand, AI will also create many new jobs for people. More people will be needed to write programmers for AI systems (系统) and they will set up and work on them, too. Meanwhile, jobs that require feelings, excellent communication skills with people will not be replaced (取代) by AI. These includes jobs in fields like teaching, nursing and personal training.

AI is here. It is changing how people live and work in many ways. That makes AI important to watch, not to fear.

66、67题完成句子；68题简略回答问题；69题找出并写下第二段的主题句；70题将问中画线句子译成汉语。

66. AI is___________________________________that help machines to do tasks.

67.____________________________________controlled by AI may make the drivers lose their jobs.

68. What will AI create for people?

___________________________________________________________________

69. __________________________________________________________________

70.__________________________________________________________________

【参考答案】：

66. A group of technologies       

67. Self-driving cars and trucks

68. AI will also create many new jobs for people

69. AI’s recent developments have got a lot of social attention.

70. 人工智能在很多方面正在改变人们怎么样居住和工作。

【逐题解析】：

66.【解析】细节题，考察精确查找答案的能力。通过抓住关键词 help machine很容易确定答案

67.【解析】细节题，根据第三段最后一句可以确定答案。

68.【解析】根据create关键词 可以确定区间为为第四段第一句话，从而确定主体。

69.【解析】考察对第二段文章主要内容的理解。

70.【解析】翻译时需要注意文章时态，以及关键词how和it的翻译。

X. 词语运用

June 15，2018

    This morning I took a bus to school. The traffic was 71. ________ (busy) than usual and there were more people on the bus. At Xinhua Stop, I saw 72. ________ old man get on the bus. He looked very weak. I stood 73. ________ and gave my seat to him. He thanked me and asked me about my name and my school. We talked 74. ________ (happy).

    Later in the 75. ________ (three) class, Mr. Du came in and asked me to go to the front. I didn’t know 76. w________, so I was a little afraid. Everyone was looking at me. Then he told 77. _________ (they) what I did on the bus this morning. He 78. ________ (know) it because he got a phone call from the old man. Mr. Du said I could be a good example to my 79. ________ (classmate). It was really a good day 80.f________ me! I was so proud.

【参考答案】：

71. busier 72. an 73. up 74. happily 75. third

76. why 77. them 78. knew 79. classmates 80. for

【语篇解读】： 本篇文章主要讲述作者给老人让座，老人给学校打电话表扬作者的行为以及作者受到表扬后的心情。

【逐题解析】：

71. busier 【解析】句意为：交通比平时              ，由than可知以用比较级busier。

72. an   【解析】句意为：我看到               一个老人上车，由old man可知，用冠词an.

73. up   【解析】句意为：我站起来，把座位让给老人。由stood可知，用up.

74. happily 【解析】句意为：我们               交谈，修饰talk应该用happy的副词happily。

75. third 【解析】句意为：后来在                节课，由class可知，用three的序数词third。

76. why    【解析】 句意为：我不知道________ , 所以我有点害怕。由后面的afraid可知老师找学生，学生不知道为啥，所以比较害怕。

77. them 【解析】句意为：他告诉________今天早上我在公交车上所做的事。told后面做宾语，用they的宾格them。

78. knew 【解析】句意为：他_______ 这件事，是因为他接到老人的电话。由后面的动词got可知，用一般过去时，know过去式为knew.

79. classmates【解析】句意为：杜老师说对于我的________ 来说，我是个好榜样。同学不是一个人，所以用复数classmates。

80. for 【解析】句意为：               我来说，今天是美好的一天。由后面的我很骄傲可知，今天对作者来说，很美好。由首字母f___，可知用介词for.

XI.基础写作（包括A、B两部分，A部分5分，B部分15分，共计20分）

A) 连词成句 (共5小题, 每小题1分, 计5分)

   将所给词语连成句子, 标点已给出。

   要求：符合语法, 语句通顺, 大小写正确，词语不得重复使用。

81. it,  outside,  hot,  is

    ______________________________________________________?

82. on time,  to,  remember,  arrive

    ______________________________________________________.

83. for lunch,  we,  what,  do,  have

    ______________________________________________________?

84. a cup of,  Lucy,  me,  tea,   brought

    ______________________________________________________.

85. your,  beautiful,  are,  how,  kites

    ______________________________________________________!

【参考答案】：

81. Is it hot outside?

82. Remember to arrive on time.

83. What do we have for lunch?

84. Lucy brought me a cup of tea.

85. How beautiful your kites are!

【逐题解析】：

81. Is it hot outside?  

【解析】句意为：外面的天气热吗？根据所给标点可知用疑问句。分析所给词汇可知是一般疑问句, 系动词is提前, it做主语，hot做表语，outside做地点状语。

82. Remember to arrive on time.  

【解析】句意为：记得准时到达。根据所给的标点可知是陈述句。分析所给词汇可知是动词原形开头的祈使句，remember是动词做谓语，to arrive做宾语，on time做时间状语。

83. What do we have for lunch?  

【解析】句意为：我们中午吃什么？根据所给标点可知用疑问句。分析所给词汇可知是特殊疑问句，what是特殊疑问词，do是助动词（引导一般疑问句），we是主语，have for lunch是固定搭配做谓语和宾语。

84. Lucy brought me a cup of tea.   

【解析】句意为：露西带给我一杯咖啡。根据所给标点可知用陈述句。分析所给词汇，Lucy做主语，brought做谓语，me是双宾中的间接宾语，a cup of tea是直接宾语。

85. How beautiful your kites are!  

【解析】句意为：你的风筝真漂亮。根据所给标点可知用感叹句。分析所给词汇是how引导的感叹句，how是感叹词，beautiful是形容词，your kites是主语，are是谓语。

B）书面表达（计15分）

86. 请仔细观察下面的图片，并根据所给提示和要求写一篇短文。

提示：（1）What are the man and the woman doing?

     （2）What should you do when you see people litter like this? Why?

要求：（1）短文须包括所有提示内容，可适当发挥。

     （2）短文中不要出现真实的地名、校名和人名。

     （3）词数80个左右（开头已给出，不计入总词数）。

参考词汇：throw, environment, civilized(文明的)

  I can see a man and a woman in the picture. The man is ________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2018年河北中考英语书面表达深度点评

   2018年河北中考的大幕刚刚落下，很多考生和家长也暂时松了一口气，与此同时，相信很多家长和学生也都很想了解今年英语作文的难度如何。现在由石家庄新东方优能一对一初中英语教学团队为您呈现第一手分析资料。

   今年的英语书面表达与2016年河北中考书面表达模式相同，都是给出图片，由考生观察图片内容，并根据提示和要求写出一篇80字左右的短文。今年的书面表达回归到我们一直关注的环保问题，描述图中一位男士正在往地上扔垃圾，旁边的女士温馨提示，要把垃圾扔到垃圾箱，城市是我们的家园，呼吁大家一起保护环境！要求考生描述图片内容，并写出如果是自己遇到这种情况该怎么做，并说明理由。

此题目来自于课本话题，九年级第13单元，同时也是我们初中英语教研团队编辑的“彩虹书”写作部分的必练话题，环保类写作。从话题上看，今年的英语书面表达是关于社会生活的话题，环保作文一直是初中必练作文，难度不大，紧贴学生的日常生活，让学生有话可说！近几年的书面表达，都渗透着教育意义，倡导学生积极健康的生活态度。要想将图片所给信息准确表达不难，但是对于学生词汇量和句式表达的丰富性也在很大程度上决定了最后的得分，另外，学生的卷面书写也会有要求，是个给分的重要参考标准。

【本篇书面表达的写作思路】：

1. 描述图片内容，男人的行为和女士的说话内容概括，要注意用现在进行时态。

2. 叙述当你看到这种行为该怎么做，写出自己的建议和做法，并陈述理由。这是文章详写的部分，引入到环保的话题中。

可用到平时积累的建议类句型：

1) I think we should ...

2) We’d better (not) ...

3) It’s a good idea / way to ...

原因状语从句（because引导）和时间状语从句（when引导）

3. 结尾呼吁大家 (call on people) 采取行动 (take action)，保护我们的环境。

我们在课堂中多次讲解到，15分的作文，是否涵盖了材料中的所有内容，是否有语法错误，是否行文流畅，是否有恰当的连接词，是否有生硬的汉语式表达。对于参加2018届中考英语的同学，如果想在写作方面拿到高分，请大家关注以下几个方面：

1. 务必保持卷面整洁，书写清晰，阅卷老师的第一印象极为重要。

2. 进行审题-列提纲-打草稿-修改-定稿的写作流程，尤其注意时态、人称和要点分段。

3. 好词、好句的积累，扩句练习和改错练习，学以致用。

4. 加强练习，多写多练，学会升级词汇，不用重复句型，注重从句的使用，使句子在写对的基础上，再写好、写优美。

以上这些，都可以在新东方一对一的课堂中进行学习和训练，同时也静候同学们的佳音。